PIX Instant Payment System

Medida Provisória nº 1.394 of 25 September 2026, in force on publication, bars financial institutions, payment institutions, payment scheme owners and all other participants in payment arrangements, including instant payments (Pix), from processing, settling or enabling transactions destined for fixed-odds betting, except transactions needed to wind down operations and refund bettors. Scheme owners must write rules into their scheme regulations that ensure every participant complies, and take the necessary measures against a participant that does not, including exclusion. Resolução BCB nº 590 of 28 September 2026 applies the obligation from the MP's publication date and lets scheme owners change their regulations for it without prior Banco Central do Brasil authorisation. The MP also requires the Banco Central do Brasil to set up electronic data communication for rejecting and returning illegal-betting transfers among real-time transfers settled in a system it operates. Decreto nº 13.128 of 28 September 2026 organises the MP's inter-agency enforcement committee, whose members include the Banco Central do Brasil and COAF: it is to keep a unified register of domains, apps and bank or payment accounts, define protocols that include interrupting financial flows, and propose standard notification procedures for financial institutions and payment institutions.

Resolução BCB nº 587 of 18 September 2026 amends the Pix Regulation with provisions that take effect on 1 February 2027. They create hybrid billing: a due-dated Pix Cobrança charge can also be made payable through the boleto payment arrangement, at the option of the payee's provider, which must be the institution that issues the boleto. The payee's provider must reject a Pix when the hybrid charge has already been paid by boleto or the dynamic boleto has been linked to a financial asset; when a hybrid charge's Pix Cobrança is settled after the obligation was already paid by boleto, it must return the full amount to the payer from its own funds within 24 hours of settlement. Participants must also publicise the Special Return Mechanism (MED), with a focus on vulnerable users, in their advertising and customer-service channels, and a participant that marks a founded suspicion of fraud must inform the user of the marking.

Resolução BCB nº 587 of 18 September 2026 amends the Pix Regulation to allow Pix Automático transactions to be initiated from salary accounts (contas-salário). The provisions take effect on 1 July 2027.